Surface Modification
Protective mechanism occurs when the sizing agent coats and binds the loose fiber ends to the main body of the yarn. Applying a film of starch or polymer smooths the outer profile of the flax yarn and reduces the number of protruding filaments. Effective yarn hairiness encapsulation is mandatory for preventing the fibers from tangling with adjacent ends during the weaving process.
This reduction in surface friction allows the yarn to move freely through the loom components without causing stops or fabric flaws.
Chemical Adhesion
Adhesion between the size liquor and the flax determines how well the protective layer survives the mechanical stresses of production. If the yarn hairiness encapsulation is poor, the loose ends will break free and create a fuzzy appearance on the fabric surface. Formulators select specific additives to increase the flexibility of the film and ensure it does not crack when the yarn bends.
Hairiness Verification
Specialized instruments measure the hairiness index before and after the sizing process to calculate the efficiency of the application. A major drop in the number of long hairs indicates successful yarn hairiness encapsulation and predicts better performance on the loom. High speed weaving machines require this level of surface smoothness to avoid the accumulation of lint and dust in the air nozzles.
Maintaining a clear shed is only possible when the surface hairs are firmly locked into the yarn structure.
